Earning an instrument rating is a fun and rewarding experience that will provide you with added confidence and make your pilot’s license more powerful. Pilots with an instrument rating are no longer confined to clear skies and VMC—it opens opportunities for more consistent flying, regardless of weather variability. And for pilots considering a career in aviation, an instrument rating is essential. It’s a prerequisite for obtaining a commercial pilot certificate and other advanced qualifications. While the training is rigorous and requires dedication, the sense of accomplishment after earning the rating is unparalleled.
Steps to Earning an Instrument Rating
Instrument Rating eligibility is outlined in 14 CFR 61.65.
1) Ensure Eligibility
Instrument Rating eligibility is outlined in 14 CFR 61.65. A person who applies for an instrument rating must:
Hold at least a current private pilot certificate
Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language.
2) Complete your ground school & written test
Instrument rating applicants are required to receive and log ground training from an instructor or complete a home-study course of training on the required aeronautical knowledge areas. Sporty’s online Instrument Rating Course will help you ace your FAA written test, save money during flight training, and become a better pilot. More than 12 hours of HD video and animations explain everything you need to know to earn your Instrument Rating and feel confident in the clouds. Combine that with powerful test prep tools, a comprehensive document library, interactive exercises, and new Aviation Intelligence features and you have aviation’s most complete training course.
Choosing the right one is one of the most important choices you’ll make in your IFR training.
3) Locate a Flight School and Instructor
Sporty’s flight school database is a good place to start—it shows over 1,000 flight school locations in the US. You can also do a basic search at your favorite internet search engine, or ask other pilots for recommendations. Once you’ve located some schools, choosing the right one is one of the most important choices you’ll make in your IFR training. More than anything, a flight school needs to be a good fit for you–your schedule, your goals and your personality. Visit flight schools near you. Meet with the staff and tour the facilities and airplanes and ensure they have experience in IFR training.
Personal referrals are always a good option. Consider if you are connected to someone who has trained at a specific school and would be willing to recommend the school and/or an instructor. Just like you “interviewed” the flight school, sit down with a prospective instructor and get to know them. Talk about your reasons for earning an instrument rating, your goals and your questions.
4) Complete your IFR flight training
Ensure you’re following a structured training curriculum and be an active participant in the training process.
After you’ve chosen a flight school and instructor, ensure you’re following a structured training curriculum and be an active participant in the training process. Prepare for each lesson with your home study materials and seek feedback from your instructor including any additional study you might accomplish on your own. Once you’ve completed the curriculum, you’ll be ready for the checkride. To be eligible for the checkride, applicants must have logged the required aeronautical experience which includes:
50 hours of cross-country as PIC (at least 10 hours in an airplane)
40 hours of instrument time (simulated or actual) to include 15 hours of instruction
Areas of IFR training include preflight preparation, clearances, basic attitude instrument flying, navigation, emergency operations and post flight procedures. Sporty’s Flight Training Central offers a flight school directory to help you identify a flight school and instructor for your IFR training.
5) Complete your practical test (checkride)
After you’ve completed the requirements above, you’ll be ready for your instructor to provide an endorsement for your IFR checkride. You should enlist the assistance of your instructor or flight school in scheduling the exam. Familiarize yourself with the Airman Certification Standards (ACS) for the Instrument Rating—the guide the examiner will use for your evaluation. Ensure your Instrument Rating application (8710) is completed and signed within IACRA and complete any necessary preflight planning.
Congratulations on taking this important first step in understanding the process of earning an Instrument Rating. Best wishes in your journey!
https://media.ifrfocus.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/24114911/getting-started-with-IFR-training.png10001250Eric Radtkehttps://media.ifrfocus.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/14115136/IFR-Focus-Logo_White_Blue_Web-01.pngEric Radtke2025-02-03 08:55:192025-05-16 09:53:17Getting Started With IFR Training—Steps to Earning an Instrument Rating
An Instrument Rating will provide more freedom, confidence, and utility for your Private Pilot certificate as you no longer limited to VFR conditions. Not only will you have the skills and confidence for flying in more diverse weather conditions, and solely by reference to instruments, but instrument flying will introduce more precise flying and enhanced utilization of ATC services which can equate to safer flying.
Steps to Earning an Instrument Rating
1) Ensure Eligibility
Instrument Rating eligibility is outlined in 14 CFR 61.65. A person who applies for an instrument rating must:
Hold at least a current private pilot certificate
Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language.
2) Complete your ground school & written test
Instrument rating applicants are required to receive and log ground training from an instructor or complete a home-study course of training on the required aeronautical knowledge areas. Sporty’s online Instrument Rating Course will help you ace your FAA written test, save money during flight training, and become a better pilot. Over 12 hours of HD video and animations explain everything you need to know to earn your Instrument Rating and feel confident in the clouds. Combine that with powerful test prep tools, a comprehensive document library, interactive exercises, and convenient app options, and you have aviation’s most complete training course.
3) Complete your IFR flight training
To be eligible for the checkride, applicants must have logged the required aeronautical experience which includes:
50 hours of cross-country as PIC (at least 10 hours in an airplane)
40 hours of instrument time (simulated or actual) to include 15 hours of instruction
Areas of IFR training include preflight preparation, clearances, basic attitude instrument flying, navigation, emergency operations and post flight procedures. Sporty’s Flight Training Central offers a flight school directory to help you identify a flight school and instructor for your IFR training.
4) Complete your practical test (checkride)
After you’ve completed the requirements above, you’ll be ready for your instructor to provide an endorsement for your IFR checkride. You should enlist the assistance of your instructor or flight school in scheduling the exam. Familiarize yourself with the Airman Certification Standards (ACS) for the Instrument Rating – the guide the examiner will use for your evaluation. Ensure your Instrument Rating application (8710) is completed and signed within IACRA. Complete any necessary preflight planning such as an aircraft weight and balance or IFR flight plan.
Sporty’s Instrument Rating Course also provides a dedicated checkride prep module with oral exam flashcards, helpful tips, an interactive checklist, and the current ACS.
Best wishes in your IFR training!
https://media.ifrfocus.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/17120728/Kaitlin-IFR-checklist.png26874778IFR Focus Teamhttps://media.ifrfocus.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/14115136/IFR-Focus-Logo_White_Blue_Web-01.pngIFR Focus Team2025-02-02 08:55:482025-05-30 10:18:47Transitioning to IFR flying with an Instrument Rating
This fast-paced presentation covers a wide range of practical topics on flying with the iPad and the ForeFlight Mobile app. Led by Bret Koebbe, an active pilot and flight instructor at Sporty’s and Editor of iPad Pilot News, this presentation will explore topics applicable to pilots of all iPad experience levels. This includes how to turn the iPad into your digital copilot, tips for flying with ADS-B weather on your iPad, and how to use ForeFlight to improve your flight planning.
Topics include:
– Leveraging an iPad when flying
– Flying with ADS-B weather
– Using ForeFlight to improve flight planning
https://media.ifrfocus.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/16112153/Copy-of-register-for-ipad-webinar-ipn.png10001250IFR Focus Teamhttps://media.ifrfocus.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/14115136/IFR-Focus-Logo_White_Blue_Web-01.pngIFR Focus Team2024-11-21 08:55:322025-06-16 11:22:01Webinar Video: Flying with the iPad as a Digital Copilot
Don’t see your question or have other written test feedback? Please email us at cfi@sportys.com.
Scheduling your FAA Knowledge Test.
FAA written exams are provided through PSI.
The FAA utilizes a third-party testing provider, PSI Services, to administer all written exams. PSI exams are available at a number of testing locations throughout the US and abroad and can be scheduled online. Locating a written testing center is accomplished as part of the test registration process.
What documentation do I need when taking the FAA Knowledge Test?
An applicant must present state or federal government-issued photo identification as proof they are at least the minimum eligibility age required for the requested knowledge test. Acceptable forms of identification are noted in the table below. In the case of an applicant under the age of 18, who does not possess an acceptable of identification, a parent or legal guardian is required to accompany the applicant, and after presenting identification as described in the above table, may attest to the applicant’s identity.
You must also present an acceptable authorization or endorsement to take the exam. That can include:
A certificate of graduation from a home-study course developed by the aeronautical enterprise providing the study material
A written statement or logbook endorsement from an FAA-certified ground or flight instructor, certifying that you have satisfactorily completed the required ground instruction
Logbook entries by an FAA-certified ground or flight instructor, certifying satisfactory completion of the required ground instruction
A certificate of graduation from a pilot training course conducted by an FAA-approved pilot school, or a statement of accomplishment from the school certifying the satisfactory completion of the ground-school portion of such a course
What should I expect when taking the FAA Knowledge Test?
When you arrive at your chosen test facility, your documents (authorization and identification) will be reviewd by the test proctor and you will be checked-in for the exam. The test proctor will review the testing requirements and procedures and provide you with the opportunity to ask questions. The test will be taken at a computer terminal and will consist of multiple choice test questions. You will be able to mark questions for further consideration as the questions will not be scored until you make a final submission. The minimum passing score is 70%.
The Private Pilot and Instrument Rating exams each consist of 60 questions and you are given two hours to complete. The Commercial Pilot exam has 100 questions and you are given 2.5 hours to complete the test. Here are a few testing tips:
Incorrect alternatives may be attractive if you do not understand the question, so take your time and be sure that you understand the question before considering the possible answers.
You’ll find it helpful not to even look at the choices until you understand what the question is asking.
Don’t linger too long on any one question. Answer the questions you readily know and then go back to the ones you find difficult.
After submitting the test, test results will be given to you immediately, and you’ll want to hold on to them because you’ll need to give them to the FAA examiner when you take your practical test.
What can I bring to the FAA Knowledge Test?
Testing aids such as an E6B flight computer are permissable.
Applicants may use test aids such as scales, straightedges, protractors, plotters, navigation computers, log sheets, and all models of aviation-oriented calculating devices that are directly related to the test. In addition, applicants may use any test materials provided with the test. Manufacturer’s permanently inscribed instructions on the front and back of such aids, e.g., formulas, conversions, regulations, signals, weather data, holding pattern diagrams, frequencies, weight and balance formulas, and air traffic control procedures are also permissible.
Please note, the test proctor may deny the use of their personal calculating devices if the applicant’s device does not have a screen that indicates all memory has been erased.
How do I prepare for the FAA Knowledge Test?
Sporty’s online courses provide a dedicated written test prep module.
You should study the materials identified by your flight instructor or included in a home-study course. Sporty’s online courses featured a dedicated test preparation module with interactive tools. Users may create unlimited study sessions from a proprietary database of thousands of test questions. Plain English explanations are written by Sporty’s team of CFIs. Detailed analytics show users which areas need the most help, and allow you to study only the questions you’ve missed. Then, you may take an unlimited number of practice tests that simulates the real knowledge exam.
What happens if I fail the exam?
While failing an exam is rare, you may retake the test. Your instructor should review your knowledge test report with you and cover the areas that were deficient. When you are ready to retake the test, you must present either the Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR), or an airman computer test report (if the test was taken at an FAA-designated computer testing center).
The applicant must also present an endorsement from an instructor who provided the additional training. This endorsement may be in the form of a signed written statement, logbook entry, or by completing the Authorized Instructor’s Statement portion of the failed AKTR.
Sporty’s FAA Knowledge Test Updates
Sporty’s publishes regular written test question updates for its test preparation module. While the FAA does not publish actual test questions, representative test questions are available, and new questions released by Sporty’s represent emphasis areas which you will likely enounter on the test.
The written test may include validation questions which are questions used to accumulate data for statistical analysis of test question validity and performance. Validation questions are NON-scored questions, and do NOT count against the applicant’s final test score.
How long is a successful knowledge test valid?
A knowledge test expires 24 calendar months after the month it was taken. If a practical test is not completed during that period, another knowledge test must be taken.
Where can I access the Knowledge Test Supplements?
This Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement is the reference book used for the written exam. Questions that require referencing figures or charts will reference these documents.
Can I submit a suggested test question to the FAA?
To suggest an airman knowledge test question, please send an email to afs630comments@faa.gov. You’ll need to include the applicable knowledge test, topic, proposed question, correct answer, suggested distractor answers, reference document, and contact information.
Don’t see your question or have other written test feedback? Please email us at cfi@sportys.com.
If you’ve already completed a test, please complete our 5-question survey.
https://media.ifrfocus.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/16111709/Copy-of-instrument-written-webinar.png10001250IFR Focus Teamhttps://media.ifrfocus.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/14115136/IFR-Focus-Logo_White_Blue_Web-01.pngIFR Focus Team2024-01-29 08:55:592025-06-16 11:33:08A Comprehensive Guide to the FAA Knowledge Test
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Getting Started With IFR Training—Steps to Earning an Instrument Rating
/in IFR Training/by Eric RadtkeEarning an instrument rating is a fun and rewarding experience that will provide you with added confidence and make your pilot’s license more powerful. Pilots with an instrument rating are no longer confined to clear skies and VMC—it opens opportunities for more consistent flying, regardless of weather variability. And for pilots considering a career in aviation, an instrument rating is essential. It’s a prerequisite for obtaining a commercial pilot certificate and other advanced qualifications. While the training is rigorous and requires dedication, the sense of accomplishment after earning the rating is unparalleled.
Steps to Earning an Instrument Rating
Instrument Rating eligibility is outlined in 14 CFR 61.65.
1) Ensure Eligibility
Instrument Rating eligibility is outlined in 14 CFR 61.65. A person who applies for an instrument rating must:
2) Complete your ground school & written test
Instrument rating applicants are required to receive and log ground training from an instructor or complete a home-study course of training on the required aeronautical knowledge areas. Sporty’s online Instrument Rating Course will help you ace your FAA written test, save money during flight training, and become a better pilot. More than 12 hours of HD video and animations explain everything you need to know to earn your Instrument Rating and feel confident in the clouds. Combine that with powerful test prep tools, a comprehensive document library, interactive exercises, and new Aviation Intelligence features and you have aviation’s most complete training course.
Choosing the right one is one of the most important choices you’ll make in your IFR training.
3) Locate a Flight School and Instructor
Sporty’s flight school database is a good place to start—it shows over 1,000 flight school locations in the US. You can also do a basic search at your favorite internet search engine, or ask other pilots for recommendations. Once you’ve located some schools, choosing the right one is one of the most important choices you’ll make in your IFR training. More than anything, a flight school needs to be a good fit for you–your schedule, your goals and your personality. Visit flight schools near you. Meet with the staff and tour the facilities and airplanes and ensure they have experience in IFR training.
Personal referrals are always a good option. Consider if you are connected to someone who has trained at a specific school and would be willing to recommend the school and/or an instructor. Just like you “interviewed” the flight school, sit down with a prospective instructor and get to know them. Talk about your reasons for earning an instrument rating, your goals and your questions.
4) Complete your IFR flight training
Ensure you’re following a structured training curriculum and be an active participant in the training process.
After you’ve chosen a flight school and instructor, ensure you’re following a structured training curriculum and be an active participant in the training process. Prepare for each lesson with your home study materials and seek feedback from your instructor including any additional study you might accomplish on your own. Once you’ve completed the curriculum, you’ll be ready for the checkride. To be eligible for the checkride, applicants must have logged the required aeronautical experience which includes:
Areas of IFR training include preflight preparation, clearances, basic attitude instrument flying, navigation, emergency operations and post flight procedures. Sporty’s Flight Training Central offers a flight school directory to help you identify a flight school and instructor for your IFR training.
5) Complete your practical test (checkride)
After you’ve completed the requirements above, you’ll be ready for your instructor to provide an endorsement for your IFR checkride. You should enlist the assistance of your instructor or flight school in scheduling the exam. Familiarize yourself with the Airman Certification Standards (ACS) for the Instrument Rating—the guide the examiner will use for your evaluation. Ensure your Instrument Rating application (8710) is completed and signed within IACRA and complete any necessary preflight planning.
Sporty’s offers a helpful Instrument Rating Checkride Checklist available here.
Congratulations on taking this important first step in understanding the process of earning an Instrument Rating. Best wishes in your journey!
Transitioning to IFR flying with an Instrument Rating
/in IFR Training/by IFR Focus TeamAn Instrument Rating will provide more freedom, confidence, and utility for your Private Pilot certificate as you no longer limited to VFR conditions. Not only will you have the skills and confidence for flying in more diverse weather conditions, and solely by reference to instruments, but instrument flying will introduce more precise flying and enhanced utilization of ATC services which can equate to safer flying.
Steps to Earning an Instrument Rating
1) Ensure Eligibility
Instrument Rating eligibility is outlined in 14 CFR 61.65. A person who applies for an instrument rating must:
Instrument rating applicants are required to receive and log ground training from an instructor or complete a home-study course of training on the required aeronautical knowledge areas. Sporty’s online Instrument Rating Course will help you ace your FAA written test, save money during flight training, and become a better pilot. Over 12 hours of HD video and animations explain everything you need to know to earn your Instrument Rating and feel confident in the clouds. Combine that with powerful test prep tools, a comprehensive document library, interactive exercises, and convenient app options, and you have aviation’s most complete training course.
To be eligible for the checkride, applicants must have logged the required aeronautical experience which includes:
Areas of IFR training include preflight preparation, clearances, basic attitude instrument flying, navigation, emergency operations and post flight procedures. Sporty’s Flight Training Central offers a flight school directory to help you identify a flight school and instructor for your IFR training.
After you’ve completed the requirements above, you’ll be ready for your instructor to provide an endorsement for your IFR checkride. You should enlist the assistance of your instructor or flight school in scheduling the exam. Familiarize yourself with the Airman Certification Standards (ACS) for the Instrument Rating – the guide the examiner will use for your evaluation. Ensure your Instrument Rating application (8710) is completed and signed within IACRA. Complete any necessary preflight planning such as an aircraft weight and balance or IFR flight plan.
Sporty’s Instrument Rating Course also provides a dedicated checkride prep module with oral exam flashcards, helpful tips, an interactive checklist, and the current ACS.
Best wishes in your IFR training!
Quiz: IFR Approach Chart Symbols
/in Quiz/by Chris ClarkeDo you know how to interpret the codes and symbols on an IFR approach chart?
Webinar Video: Flying with the iPad as a Digital Copilot
/in webinars/by IFR Focus TeamFlying with the iPad as a Digital Copilot
This fast-paced presentation covers a wide range of practical topics on flying with the iPad and the ForeFlight Mobile app. Led by Bret Koebbe, an active pilot and flight instructor at Sporty’s and Editor of iPad Pilot News, this presentation will explore topics applicable to pilots of all iPad experience levels. This includes how to turn the iPad into your digital copilot, tips for flying with ADS-B weather on your iPad, and how to use ForeFlight to improve your flight planning.
Topics include:
– Leveraging an iPad when flying
– Flying with ADS-B weather
– Using ForeFlight to improve flight planning
A Comprehensive Guide to the FAA Knowledge Test
/in Resources/by IFR Focus TeamCongratulations on reaching the FAA Knowledge Test milestone. Below are some helpful tips and insight for a successful written test experience.
Don’t see your question or have other written test feedback? Please email us at cfi@sportys.com.
Scheduling your FAA Knowledge Test.
FAA written exams are provided through PSI.
The FAA utilizes a third-party testing provider, PSI Services, to administer all written exams. PSI exams are available at a number of testing locations throughout the US and abroad and can be scheduled online. Locating a written testing center is accomplished as part of the test registration process.
The first step to scheduling your FAA written exam is to visit https://faa.psiexams.com/faa/login. First time users will be required to create an account. You may also review exam eligibility requirements from the link on the homepage.
Read more on scheduling the FAA Knowledge Test.
What documentation do I need when taking the FAA Knowledge Test?
An applicant must present state or federal government-issued photo identification as proof they are at least the minimum eligibility age required for the requested knowledge test. Acceptable forms of identification are noted in the table below. In the case of an applicant under the age of 18, who does not possess an acceptable of identification, a parent or legal guardian is required to accompany the applicant, and after presenting identification as described in the above table, may attest to the applicant’s identity.
You must also present an acceptable authorization or endorsement to take the exam. That can include:
What should I expect when taking the FAA Knowledge Test?
When you arrive at your chosen test facility, your documents (authorization and identification) will be reviewd by the test proctor and you will be checked-in for the exam. The test proctor will review the testing requirements and procedures and provide you with the opportunity to ask questions. The test will be taken at a computer terminal and will consist of multiple choice test questions. You will be able to mark questions for further consideration as the questions will not be scored until you make a final submission. The minimum passing score is 70%.
The Private Pilot and Instrument Rating exams each consist of 60 questions and you are given two hours to complete. The Commercial Pilot exam has 100 questions and you are given 2.5 hours to complete the test. Here are a few testing tips:
After submitting the test, test results will be given to you immediately, and you’ll want to hold on to them because you’ll need to give them to the FAA examiner when you take your practical test.
What can I bring to the FAA Knowledge Test?
Testing aids such as an E6B flight computer are permissable.
Applicants may use test aids such as scales, straightedges, protractors, plotters, navigation computers, log sheets, and all models of aviation-oriented calculating devices that are directly related to the test. In addition, applicants may use any test materials provided with the test. Manufacturer’s permanently inscribed instructions on the front and back of such aids, e.g., formulas, conversions, regulations, signals, weather data, holding pattern diagrams, frequencies, weight and balance formulas, and air traffic control procedures are also permissible.
Please note, the test proctor may deny the use of their personal calculating devices if the applicant’s device does not have a screen that indicates all memory has been erased.
How do I prepare for the FAA Knowledge Test?
Sporty’s online courses provide a dedicated written test prep module.
You should study the materials identified by your flight instructor or included in a home-study course. Sporty’s online courses featured a dedicated test preparation module with interactive tools. Users may create unlimited study sessions from a proprietary database of thousands of test questions. Plain English explanations are written by Sporty’s team of CFIs. Detailed analytics show users which areas need the most help, and allow you to study only the questions you’ve missed. Then, you may take an unlimited number of practice tests that simulates the real knowledge exam.
What happens if I fail the exam?
While failing an exam is rare, you may retake the test. Your instructor should review your knowledge test report with you and cover the areas that were deficient. When you are ready to retake the test, you must present either the Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR), or an airman computer test report (if the test was taken at an FAA-designated computer testing center).
The applicant must also present an endorsement from an instructor who provided the additional training. This endorsement may be in the form of a signed written statement, logbook entry, or by completing the Authorized Instructor’s Statement portion of the failed AKTR.
Sporty’s FAA Knowledge Test Updates
Sporty’s publishes regular written test question updates for its test preparation module. While the FAA does not publish actual test questions, representative test questions are available, and new questions released by Sporty’s represent emphasis areas which you will likely enounter on the test.
What are validation questions?
The written test may include validation questions which are questions used to accumulate data for statistical analysis of test question validity and performance. Validation questions are NON-scored questions, and do NOT count against the applicant’s final test score.
How long is a successful knowledge test valid?
A knowledge test expires 24 calendar months after the month it was taken. If a practical test is not completed during that period, another knowledge test must be taken.
This Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement is the reference book used for the written exam. Questions that require referencing figures or charts will reference these documents.
How do I replace a lost Knowledge Test Report?
You may log into your PSI account and print a duplicate or expired test report. https://faa.psiexams.com/faa/login
Can I submit a suggested test question to the FAA?
To suggest an airman knowledge test question, please send an email to afs630comments@faa.gov. You’ll need to include the applicable knowledge test, topic, proposed question, correct answer, suggested distractor answers, reference document, and contact information.
Don’t see your question or have other written test feedback? Please email us at cfi@sportys.com.
If you’ve already completed a test, please complete our 5-question survey.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus – more on WordPress.org: Post Formats